Commentaries
Arabic
- إنجيل المسيح حسب البشير متى
(عبد المسيح وزملاؤه) - إنجيل المسيح حسب البشير مَرْقُس
(عبد المسيح وزملاؤه) - إنجيل المسيح حسب البشير لوقا
(عبد المسيح وزملاؤه) - إِنْجِيْلُ المَسِيْحِِِ حسبَ البَشير يُوْحَنَّا
(عَبْدُ المَسِيْح وَزُمَلاؤُه) - أعمال الرسل حسب البشير لوقا
(عبد المسيح وزملاؤه) - رِسَالةُ بُولُسَ الرَّسُولِ إِلَى أَهْلِ رُوْمِيَة
(عَبدُ المَسِيْح وزُمَلاؤه) - رسالة بُوْلُس الرَّسُوْل إلى أهْلِ غَلاَطِيَّة
(عَبْدُ المَسِيْح وَزُمَلاؤُه) - رِسالةُ بُولُسَ الرَّسُول إِلَى أَهْلِ كَنِيْسَةِ فِيْلِبِّي
(عبد المَسِيْح وزملاؤه) - رِسالةُ بولس الرَّسول إِلَى الكَنِيْسَةِ في كُوْلُوْسِّيْ
(عبد المسيح وزملاؤه) - رِسَالَةِ بولس الرَّسول إلى العِبْرَانِيِّيْنَ
(عَبد المسِيح وزُملاؤُه) - رِسَالةُ يَعْقُوب
(عَبد المسِيح وزُملاؤُه) - رُؤْيا يوحنا اللاهوتي
(عَبْدُ المَسِيْح وَزُمَلاؤُه)
English
- The Gospel of Christ according to Matthew
(Abd al-Masih and Colleagues) - The Gospel of Christ according to Mark
(Abd al-Masih and Colleagues) - The Gospel of Christ according to Luke
(Abd al-Masih and Colleagues) - The Gospel of Christ according to John
(Abd al-Masih and Colleagues) - Acts of the Apostles
(Abd al-Masih and Colleagues) - Studies in the Letter of Paul to the Romans
(Abd al-Masih and Colleagues)
German
- Die Offenbarung des Johannes
(Abd al-Masih and Colleagues)
PREFACE
THE OPENING:
SALUTATION, THANKS TO GOD, AND EMPHASIS ON “GOD’S RIGHTEOUSNESS” AS THE MOTTO OF HIS EPISTLE
(ROMANS 1:1-17)
SALUTATION, THANKS TO GOD, AND EMPHASIS ON “GOD’S RIGHTEOUSNESS” AS THE MOTTO OF HIS EPISTLE
(ROMANS 1:1-17)
a) Identification and apostolic benediction
(Romans 1:1-7)
(Romans 1:1-7)
b) Paul’s longstanding desire to visit Rome
(ROMANS 1:8-15)
(ROMANS 1:8-15)
c) The righteousness of God is established and realized in us through constant faith
(Romans 1:16-17)
(Romans 1:16-17)
PART 1
THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF GOD CONDEMNS ALL SINNERS AND JUSTIFIES AND SANCTIFIES ALL BELIEVERS IN CHRIST
(ROMANS 1:18 – 8:39)
THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF GOD CONDEMNS ALL SINNERS AND JUSTIFIES AND SANCTIFIES ALL BELIEVERS IN CHRIST
(ROMANS 1:18 – 8:39)
A – THE WHOLE WORLD LIES UNDER THE SWAY OF THE WICKED ONE, AND GOD WILL JUDGE ALL IN RIGHTEOUSNESS
(ROMANS 1:18 – 3:20)
1. The wrath of God against the nations is revealed
(Romans 1:18-32)
(ROMANS 1:18 – 3:20)
1. The wrath of God against the nations is revealed
(Romans 1:18-32)
2. The wrath of God is revealed against the Jews
(Romans 2:1-3:20)
a) He who judges others condemns himself
(Romans 2:1-11)
(Romans 2:1-3:20)
a) He who judges others condemns himself
(Romans 2:1-11)
b) The Law, or the conscience condemns man
(Romans 2:12-16)
(Romans 2:12-16)
c) Man is saved not by knowledge, but by works
(Romans 2:17-24)
(Romans 2:17-24)
d) Circumcision is spiritually unprofitable
(Romans 2:25-29)
(Romans 2:25-29)
e) The privilege of the Jews does not save them from the anger
(Romans 3:1-8)
(Romans 3:1-8)
3. All men are corrupt and blamable
(Romans 3:9-20)
(Romans 3:9-20)
B – THE NEW RIGHTEOUSNESS BY FAITH IS OPEN TO ALL MEN
(ROMANS 3:21 – 4:22)
1. The revelation of the righteousness of God in the atoning death of Christ
(Romans 3:21-26)
(ROMANS 3:21 – 4:22)
1. The revelation of the righteousness of God in the atoning death of Christ
(Romans 3:21-26)
2. We are justified by faith in Christ
(Romans 3:27-31)
(Romans 3:27-31)
3. Abraham and David as an example of justification by faith
(Romans 4:1-24)
a) Abraham’s faith was accounted to him for righteousness
(Romans 4:1-8)
(Romans 4:1-24)
a) Abraham’s faith was accounted to him for righteousness
(Romans 4:1-8)
b) Man is not justified by circumcision
(Romans 4:9-12)
(Romans 4:9-12)
c) We are justified by grace and not by the Law
(Romans 4:13-18)
(Romans 4:13-18)
d) The courageous faith of Abraham is our example
(Romans 4:19-22)
(Romans 4:19-22)
C – JUSTIFICATION MEANS A NEW RELATIONSHIP WITH GOD AND MEN
(ROMANS 5:1-21)
1. Peace, hope, and love dwell in the believer
(Romans 5:1-5)
(ROMANS 5:1-21)
1. Peace, hope, and love dwell in the believer
(Romans 5:1-5)
2. The resurrected Christ fulfills his righteousness in us
(Romans 5:6-11)
(Romans 5:6-11)
3. The grace of Christ overcame death, sin, and the Law
(Romans 5:12-21)
(Romans 5:12-21)
D – THE POWER OF GOD DELIVERS US FROM THE POWER OF SIN
(ROMANS 6:1 – 8:27)
1. The believer considers himself dead to sin
(Romans 6:1-14)
(ROMANS 6:1 – 8:27)
1. The believer considers himself dead to sin
(Romans 6:1-14)
2. Freedom from the Law facilitates our deliverance from sin
(Roman 6:15-23)
(Roman 6:15-23)
3. Deliverance from the Law delivers us to the service of Christ
(Romans 7:1-6)
(Romans 7:1-6)
4. The law prompts the sinner to sin
(Romans 7:7-13)
(Romans 7:7-13)
5. Man without Christ always fails before sin
(Romans 7:14-25)
(Romans 7:14-25)
6. In Christ, man is delivered from sin, death, and condemnation
(Romans 8:1-11)
(Romans 8:1-11)
7. We are children of God through the dwelling of the Holy Spirit in us
(Romans 8:12-17)
(Romans 8:12-17)
8. The three unique groanings
(Romans 8:18-27)
(Romans 8:18-27)
E – OUR FAITH CONTINUES FOREVER
(ROMANS 8:28-39)
1. God’s plan of salvation acclaims our forthcoming glory
(Romans 8:28-30)
(ROMANS 8:28-39)
1. God’s plan of salvation acclaims our forthcoming glory
(Romans 8:28-30)
2. The truth of Christ guarantees our fellowship with God in spite of all troubles
(Romans 8:31-39)
(Romans 8:31-39)
PART 2
THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF GOD IS IMMOVABLE EVEN AFTER THE HARDENING OF THE CHILDREN OF JACOB, HIS CHOSEN ONES
(ROMANS 9:1-11:36)
THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF GOD IS IMMOVABLE EVEN AFTER THE HARDENING OF THE CHILDREN OF JACOB, HIS CHOSEN ONES
(ROMANS 9:1-11:36)
1. Paul’s anxiety for his lost people
(Romans 9:1-3)
(Romans 9:1-3)
2. The spiritual privileges of the chosen people
(Romans 9:4-5)
(Romans 9:4-5)
a) The promises of God do not concern the natural seed of Abraham
(Romans 9:6-13)
(Romans 9:6-13)
b) God selects whom he has mercy on, and whom he wills he hardens
(Romans 9:14-18)
(Romans 9:14-18)
c) The parable of the potter and his vessel belongs to the Jews and Christians
(Romans 9:19-29)
(Romans 9:19-29)
4. The righteousness of God is only attained by faith, and not by attempting to keep the Law
(Romans 9:30 – 10:21)
a) The Jews neglect the righteousness of God which is attained by faith, and they stick to the works of the law
(Romans 9:30 – 10:3)
(Romans 9:30 – 10:21)
a) The Jews neglect the righteousness of God which is attained by faith, and they stick to the works of the law
(Romans 9:30 – 10:3)
b) The aggravation of the offense of the Israelite people because God was more merciful to them than to any other people
(Romans 10:4-8)
(Romans 10:4-8)
c) The absolute necessity of the testimony of the gospel among the children of Jacob
(Romans 10:9-15)
(Romans 10:9-15)
d) Is Israel responsible for their unbelief?
(Romans 10:16-21)
(Romans 10:16-21)
5. The hope of the children of Jacob
(Romans 11:1-36)
a) The holy remnant exists
(Romans 11:1-10)
(Romans 11:1-36)
a) The holy remnant exists
(Romans 11:1-10)
b) Would that the salvation in the Believers of the Gentiles incite jealousy in the Children of Jacob
(Romans 11:11-15)
(Romans 11:11-15)
c) Warning the believers of the Gentiles of being proud toward the children of Jacob
(Romans 11:16-24)
(Romans 11:16-24)
d) The secret of deliverance and salvation of the children of Jacob in the last days
(Romans 11:25-32)
(Romans 11:25-32)
e) The apostle’s worship
(Romans 11:33-36)
(Romans 11:33-36)
PART 3
THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF GOD APPEARS IN THE LIFE OF THE FOLLOWERS OF CHRIST
(ROMANS 12:1 – 15:13)
THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF GOD APPEARS IN THE LIFE OF THE FOLLOWERS OF CHRIST
(ROMANS 12:1 – 15:13)
1. The sanctification of your life is attained through your full commitment to God
(Romans 12:1)
(Romans 12:1)
2. Do not be proud, but serve your Lord in the groups of believers with the gift that has been given to you
(Romans 12:3-8)
(Romans 12:3-8)
3. We must learn brotherly love and train ourselves in it
(Romans 12:9-16)
(Romans 12:9-16)
4. Love your enemies and opponents
(Romans 12:17-21)
(Romans 12:17-21)
5. Be obedient to your authorities
(Romans 13:1-6)
(Romans 13:1-6)
6. A summary of the commandments concerning men
(Romans 13:7-10)
(Romans 13:7-10)
7. The practical result of the knowledge that Christ is coming again
(Romans 13:11-14)
(Romans 13:11-14)
8. The particular problems of the church of Rome
(Romans 14:1-12)
(Romans 14:1-12)
9. Do not enrage your neighbor for unimportant reasons
(Romans 14:13-23)
(Romans 14:13-23)
10. How those who are strong in faith ought to behave towards unexpected problems
(Romans 15:1-5)
(Romans 15:1-5)
11. Christ overcame all the differences between the believers of the Jews, and those of the Gentiles
(Romans 15:6-13)
(Romans 15:6-13)
1. Paul’s worthiness to write this epistle
(Romans 15:14-16)
(Romans 15:14-16)
2. The secret of Paul’s ministry
(Romans 15:17-21)
(Romans 15:17-21)
3. Paul’s expectations in his journeys
(Romans 15:22-33)
(Romans 15:22-33)
4. Paul’s list of the names of the saints known to him in the church of Rome
(Romans 16:1-9)
(Romans 16:1-9)
5. The continuation of Paul’s list of the saints known to him in the church of Rome
(Romans 16:10-16)
(Romans 16:10-16)
6. A warning against the deceivers
(Romans 16:17-20)
(Romans 16:17-20)
7. Greetings from Paul’s fellow workers
(Romans 16:21-24)
(Romans 16:21-24)
8. Paul’s doxology, as a concluding part of his epistle
(Romans 16:25-27)
(Romans 16:25-27)
Paul puts the catalogue of sins before our eyes as an explanation of the Ten Commandments, not that we may talk about the terms in a positive way, as philosophers, or measure others and condemn them by these measures, but to recognize ourselves with fear, and see all the possibilities of sin in us. He, who lives without the Creator, is filled with wrongdoing and injustice, for the spirit of the evil one brings various fruits in those who are void of the Holy Spirit. Man lives either in Christ, or in the evil one. There is no neutral zone.
The Lord Jesus and his apostle Paul classify adultery as the first sin. Adultery dissolves the bond of pure love, wipes out the trust in the faithfulness of the other partner, and opens wide the door to atheism and unbelief. Sinful lust dominates all those who did not deny themselves in the power of God; the majority of people are adulterers whether in thought, word, or deed. They are unclean and corrupt. Do you know yourself? Your conscience speaks to you clearly. So, do not deny your past, but confess what you did!
Did you know that man without God is not righteous, but wicked? Why do educators speak about humanity, education, and social service, if humanity in itself is wicked and corrupt? We don’t need reformation or cultivation, but new creation, and renewal of minds and hearts.
He who does not know God loves money, and builds his life on this mortal god. His love of money grows as much as his money itself grows. It leads him away from the hope of the Christian to the pride and pomp of life, and to the dominion of evil and hateful passions.
All those ruled by a depraved mind are filled with malice, trickery, vengeance, hypocrisy, lying, deceit, and craftiness. A malicious man devises wickedness against his enemies as well as his neighbors. He pretends to have affection for them, but his heart is a nest of vipers.
Usually, the motive of a malicious man is envy and jealousy of others. He does not rejoice at the blessings of others, because he wants to be more prosperous and successful than they are. Furthermore, he wants to be richer, more beautiful, smarter, and more honored than anyone else. Stinginess and envy are the origin of most of the evil deeds. Advertisements now employ the passions of envy and covetousness in people to promote new products at any cost.
Such destructive passions do not only divert the mind from that which is good, but also open the door to murder, hatred, rude slander and defamation. Keep in your mind that Jesus taught us that the mere thinking of rejecting, despising, or hating others is in itself a sin similar to that of murder, for our intent is to destroy others. We are all killers and sons of killers in the eyes of God.
This destroying spirit quickly appears in our words and actions when we make divisions and parties in our societies and families, while the Holy Spirit prompts us to peace and mediation between the parties in dispute, that we may be peacemakers. Are you a reason for disorder and division among the sons of disobedience? Do you put fuel on the fire? Or do you bring forgiveness and reconciliation, and prefer to put an end to the enmity, even if you have to sacrifice yourself to do it?
Deceit is a characteristic of the devil, which is not found at all in our Lord. Whoever executes his plans through tricks, and ensnares simple people with kind words is a son of the evil one. The fruits of the Divine Spirit are truthfulness, frankness, and straightforwardness. But lying and its branches are very evil.
Other fruits of hell are tale bearing, and defamation of our fellowman in order to highlight our names. Our lips are filled with poison, and our feet are first to corrupt others. We are prepared to deny our closest relatives in order to save ourselves and bring ourselves into prominence.
All those who commit these sins, whether willfully or inattentively, hate God, for whoever loves his Lord, loves people as well. But when you speak with people impolitely, and despise them and condemn them, then the spirit, which speaks from you with these iniquities, is you. When you hate somebody, you hate God, for God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God, and forgives, blesses, and loves even the unlovable, in harmony with the source of love.
As the devil is proud in the innermost recesses of his heart, so are all the wicked. They know, in their hearts, all their sins, malice, and shortcomings, and because of this knowledge, they seek to cover their corrupting souls. They become arrogant, and exaggerated, and they strut and boast like the peacock thinking they make themselves illustrious, when really they make themselves ridiculous. Such as these are cruel to the poor and barbarous to all who lie at their mercy. They serve their own lusts, and are filled with malice and artifice. They appear as good, gifted, and important, but when they are alone, they hear God condemning them with one word: “reprobate”.
In their uncovering of the others’ weaknesses, and their employment of their kindness, they greatly heighten their guilt; and their evil spirit appears in their families in the form of disobedience. They do not regard their parents as their guardians according to the law of God, but rudely claim money, independence, and rights, without being prepared for service, sacrifice, love, and work. In this manner, they tread on the love given to them by life, and despise the ignorance of their uneducated parents. They do not know that sin is the highest folly, while the fear of God is the highest wisdom. All those who do not submit to the Spirit of God do not understand anything properly, but see all things wrongly. They have lost the standard for themselves and for the whole society.
In this condition, they do not find the ability to be faithful in themselves, and therefore become unreliable. All those who are not committed to God cannot cooperate with men. The faithfulness of God makes a man faithful, but he who lives without his Lord remains lost, straying, and poor.
Our God is love, mercy, and pity. Woe to those who leave the source of all good, for their heart becomes as hard as stone. They love themselves, and hate others. Look at yourself! Do you love your enemies? Do you feel pity for the poor? Jesus felt for his scattered people, and suffered from their sins. Do you condemn your people, or do you love them? Are you void of mercy and compassion, or did the Spirit of God renew you that you might stand before him as a priest to represent the sinful?
Our sins are more numerous than the sand of the seashore. Know God, and then you know yourself. Whoever separates himself from the characteristics of his Divine source deserves death and condemnation. All men are sinful from their childhood. You must die to your transgressions and sins today. The holiness of God requires your destruction. You have no right to survive. All the rights of men are lying. We only have the right to die to our sins. You wander in your town as someone sentenced to death, not by men, but by God. So, when will you change your mind, and repent totally and sincerely?
If you do not repent completely, your sin reaches a point where you receive a vicarious satisfaction in the sinful deeds of others. You do not only sin with pleasure, but also delight in those who commit sin; and hence encourage them in it, excite them to it, and seduce them from the ways of innocence, extending to them the infection of your own sins. This is the grievous aggravation of the offence. Is it not enough that you yourself are evil? Is it necessary for you to corrupt your society? Look at yourself! Are you pleased with your sins? Are you satisfied with the hardheartedness of others? Do you not shed tears, in sincere repentance, for yourself and your people? Did the Spirit of God bring you to a true repentance, or are you still haughty?